8=======>

2022-09-12 · +30d

gru_s5 · in-sample — the model trained on this date · 191 tokens predicted

These numbers are in-sample. The model was trained on this date, so predicted-vs-actual agreement here is not evidence of skill.
+1d+7d+30dasset cohort only
rank IC
+0.2204
191 of 191 tokens assessed
long-short decile
+10.83%
realised beta-adjusted alpha
direction hit
67.0%
in alpha space · 93.2% on raw price
BTC over horizon
-14.49%
the unhedgeable market factor

Predicted vs actual (191 rows, sorted by pred)

tokennamechainanchor pxpred px ▾pred Δactual pxactual Δalpha errhitβ90dvol 30dtarget
ETHEthereumEthereum1,716.711,706.00-0.62%1,294.33-24.60%0.0637✓1.36569.9M2022-10-12
YGGYield Guild GamesEthereum0.4830.479752-0.67%0.328-32.09%0.1907✓1.214,2692022-10-12
TRBTellor TributesEthereum16.5816.3518-1.38%14.49-12.61%0.0014✓0.781.5M2022-10-12
INDEXThe IndexRobinhood1.841.8109-1.58%2.23+21.20%0.2817✗0.4758k2022-10-12
TRXTRONTron0.0638830.062767-1.75%0.061673-3.46%0.0554✗0.47123k2022-10-12
BFCBifrostEthereum0.071990.070706-1.78%0.06138-14.74%0.0152✓1.0025k2022-10-12
NCTPolySwarmEthereum0.012940.012698-1.87%0.01098-15.15%0.0429✓0.65233k2022-10-12
ARPAARPAEthereum0.03970.038872-2.09%0.0326-17.88%0.0166✓1.0289k2022-10-12
TLMAlien WorldsEthereum0.024880.024344-2.15%0.02169-12.82%0.0538✗1.082,9582022-10-12
AIOZAIOZ NetworkEthereum0.060.058623-2.29%0.0499-16.83%0.0284✓0.8590k2022-10-12
GODSGods UnchainedEthereum0.316230.30833-2.50%0.33712+6.61%0.1976✗0.69326k2022-10-12
STORJStorjEthereum0.5630.548906-2.50%0.42113-25.20%0.0556✓1.3439k2022-10-12
XLMStellarStellar0.1138590.110992-2.52%0.116277+2.12%0.1856✗0.896.5M2022-10-12
RARESuperRareEthereum0.20530.200014-2.57%0.1515-26.21%0.1022✓1.12108k2022-10-12
PHAPHALAEthereum0.10130.098637-2.63%0.0774-23.59%0.1233✓0.762,7302022-10-12
QNTQuantEthereum106.65103.7709-2.70%153.65+44.07%0.5388✗0.933.5M2022-10-12
ATMAtletico Madrid Fan TokenSolana4.554.425-2.75%3.72-18.24%0.0783✓0.611.4M2022-10-12
STEEMSteemnative0.23550.229019-2.75%0.2291-2.72%0.1369✗0.87527k2022-10-12
AGLDAdventure GoldEthereum0.4080.396614-2.79%0.3171-22.28%0.0534✓1.09202k2022-10-12
KCSKuCoinnative9.7159.4327-2.91%9.053-6.81%0.0940✗0.861.2M2022-10-12
GTGateEthereum4.38394.2562-2.91%4.405+0.48%0.1502✗0.74688k2022-10-12
AAVEAaveEthereum90.9988.3169-2.94%71.52-21.40%0.0285✓1.536.0M2022-10-12
BTCBitcoinBitcoin22,402.7121,676.62-3.24%19,155.92-14.49%0.0329✗1.00480.9M2022-10-12
BTTCBTTC9.00e-78.70e-7-3.30%7.70e-7-14.44%0.0069✓0.741.7M2022-10-12
NEXONEXOEthereum0.970.937943-3.30%0.833-14.12%0.0673✗1.191.5M2022-10-12
LTCLitecoinLitecoin61.4159.3453-3.36%52.23-14.95%0.0356✗1.0414.0M2022-10-12
WBTCWrapped BitcoinEthereum22,320.8021,560.95-3.40%19,167.20-14.13%0.0261✓0.9213k2022-10-12
XMRMoneroMonero163.77158.1821-3.41%144.74-11.62%0.0625✗0.971.4M2022-10-12
ADXheyAuraEthereum0.172560.166589-3.46%0.1565-9.31%0.0568✗0.765152022-10-12
ACHAlchemy PayEthereum0.0131540.012698-3.47%0.010459-20.49%0.0630✓0.84882k2022-10-12
CHRChromiaEthereum0.18390.177438-3.51%0.147-20.07%0.0081✓1.151,7442022-10-12
TWTTrust WalletBinance Smart Chain1.00450.96894-3.54%0.9569-4.74%0.0768✗0.572.6M2022-10-12
LCXLCXEthereum0.05160.049763-3.56%0.052+0.78%0.1942✗0.96234k2022-10-12
BTTBitTorrentEthereum9.10e-78.77e-7-3.58%7.80e-7-14.29%0.0013✓0.7415k2022-10-12
CITYManchester City Fan TokenSolana6.716.4686-3.60%5.67-15.50%0.0545✓0.492.1M2022-10-12
XVSVenusEthereum4.984.8005-3.60%4.7-5.62%0.1143✗0.87839k2022-10-12
AVTAventusEthereum1.431.3781-3.63%1.52+6.29%0.0765✗-0.14124k2022-10-12
SOLSolanaSolana37.4636.0963-3.64%31.16-16.82%0.0445✗1.2254.5M2022-10-12
IDEXIDEXEthereum0.069150.066613-3.67%0.05545-19.81%0.0375✓0.938202022-10-12
SANDThe SandboxEthereum0.95910.923775-3.68%0.7783-18.85%0.0268✓1.27899k2022-10-12
LEOLEO TokenEthereum5.04524.8577-3.72%4.1434-17.87%0.1490✓0.06119k2022-10-12
JUVJuventus Fan TokenSolana5.335.1317-3.72%4.06-23.83%0.1334✓0.642.0M2022-10-12
ORBSOrbsEthereum0.040.038508-3.73%0.03373-15.68%0.0233✓0.702,2982022-10-12
BNTBancor NetworkEthereum0.49480.476235-3.75%0.4253-14.05%0.0680✗1.16384k2022-10-12
CERECere NetworkEthereum0.0062340.005995-3.83%0.00603-3.27%0.0638✗0.3730k2022-10-12
ELAElastosEthereum1.6221.5593-3.87%1.463-9.80%0.0512✗0.7329k2022-10-12
CBKCobakEthereum0.854280.821019-3.89%0.75156-12.02%0.0351✓0.7913k2022-10-12
LINKChainlinkEthereum7.7587.4556-3.90%7.147-7.88%0.1352✗1.1318.0M2022-10-12
AVAXAvalancheAvalanche21.3720.5352-3.91%15.95-25.36%0.0372✓1.3818.0M2022-10-12
DKAdKargoEthereum0.047470.045616-3.91%0.03857-18.75%0.0661✓0.6514k2022-10-12
SWFTCSWFTCOINEthereum0.0016260.001562-3.95%0.001688+3.81%0.2008✗0.79374k2022-10-12
FETArtificial Superintelligence AllianceEthereum0.09150.087884-3.95%0.0807-11.80%0.0688✗0.9814k2022-10-12
KNCKyber Network CrystalEthereum1.91231.8367-3.95%1.0233-46.49%0.4525✓0.851.4M2022-10-12
ADACardanoCardano0.50140.481401-3.99%0.3813-23.95%0.0757✓1.0138.3M2022-10-12
NANOnanopayBase0.9142160.877168-4.05%0.760819-16.78%0.0077✓0.8649k2022-10-12
DOGEDogecoinDogecoin0.0639580.061321-4.12%0.05987-6.39%0.1342✗1.011.2M2022-10-12
POWRPowerledgerEthereum0.23460.224912-4.13%0.1864-20.55%0.0473✓0.9057k2022-10-12
SUNSun TokenTron0.0063560.006093-4.14%0.005602-11.86%0.0161✓0.641,9622022-10-12
QTUMQtumQtum3.29333.1567-4.15%2.7159-17.53%0.0122✓1.0419k2022-10-12
COTICOTIEthereum0.10270.098411-4.18%0.1026-0.10%0.2005✗1.01336k2022-10-12
TRACOriginTrailEthereum0.20630.197661-4.19%0.1782-13.62%0.0667✗1.09135k2022-10-12
CVCCivicEthereum0.15180.14534-4.26%0.1213-20.09%0.0245✓1.00119k2022-10-12
C98Coin98Ethereum0.44360.424686-4.26%0.3394-23.49%0.0398✓1.1875k2022-10-12
ASRAS Roma Fan TokenSolana4.2854.1014-4.28%3.305-22.87%0.1584✓0.372.2M2022-10-12
OPTIMOptimism1.2671.2125-4.30%0.747-41.04%0.2191✓1.692.7M2022-10-12
ALGOAlgorandAlgorand0.32370.309719-4.32%0.3135-3.15%0.1660✗0.986.0M2022-10-12
FORTFortaEthereum0.22570.215909-4.34%0.1479-34.47%0.2594✓0.7667k2022-10-12
API3Api3Ethereum1.8031.7245-4.35%1.584-12.15%0.0742✗1.02627k2022-10-12
DNTdistrict0xEthereum0.04930.04715-4.36%0.0378-23.33%0.0879✓0.85145k2022-10-12
VSYSV.SYSTEMSnative0.0016510.001579-4.37%0.001361-17.57%0.0422✓0.685,8832022-10-12
FIDABonfidaSolana0.4810.459967-4.37%0.377-21.62%0.0356✓1.047,9852022-10-12
DASHDashDash47.1745.0835-4.42%41.74-11.51%0.0904✗1.07312k2022-10-12
XEMNEMnative0.0467110.044612-4.49%0.039427-15.59%0.0162✓0.8928k2022-10-12
FISStafiEthereum0.36270.346341-4.51%0.3109-14.28%0.0574✗1.061,1592022-10-12
KSMKusamaHydration52.2149.8548-4.51%40.13-23.14%0.0560✓1.03363k2022-10-12
ASMAssemble AIEthereum0.021020.02007-4.52%0.01798-14.46%0.0152✓0.61191k2022-10-12
AMPAmpEthereum0.006210.005929-4.52%0.0049-21.10%0.0914✓0.63911k2022-10-12
HIVEHivenative0.58020.553863-4.54%0.5112-11.89%0.0165✓0.62836k2022-10-12
ANKRAnkr NetworkEthereum0.03730.03558-4.61%0.02798-24.99%0.0743✓1.0635k2022-10-12
MTLMetal DAOMetal L21.2791.2196-4.65%1.022-20.09%0.0306✓0.931.1M2022-10-12
BELBella ProtocolEthereum0.6720.640354-4.71%0.549-18.30%0.0242✓1.143.3M2022-10-12
XYMSymbolnative0.0426730.040651-4.74%0.035794-16.12%0.0436✓0.5323k2022-10-12
ZENHorizenBase16.4815.6974-4.75%12.49-24.21%0.0325✓1.2579k2022-10-12
BCHSVBitcoin Cash SV54.60952.0131-4.75%48.073-11.97%0.0598✗0.88264k2022-10-12
LSKLiskEthereum1.0911.039-4.77%0.929799-14.78%0.0096✓0.7736k2022-10-12
BCHBitcoin CashBitcoin Cash128.87122.6986-4.79%111.75-13.28%0.0907✗1.184.4M2022-10-12
DUSKDUSKEthereum0.13470.128242-4.79%0.1193-11.43%0.0974✗1.082.7M2022-10-12
ACMAC Milan Fan TokenSolana4.2384.0301-4.91%3.141-25.88%0.1676✓0.522.3M2022-10-12
ZECZcashZcash62.9259.8263-4.92%51.73-17.78%0.0371✓1.171.1M2022-10-12
MANADecentralandEthereum0.794220.755006-4.94%0.64761-18.46%0.0233✓1.13624k2022-10-12
OXTOrchid ProtocolEthereum0.11410.10845-4.95%0.0931-18.40%0.0150✓0.88188k2022-10-12
SHIBShiba InuEthereum0.000012880.00001224-4.97%0.00001016-21.12%0.0277✓1.011.0M2022-10-12
1INCH1INCHEthereum0.6480.615717-4.98%0.57-12.04%0.0829✗1.02178k2022-10-12
TKOTokocryptoBinance Smart Chain0.2750.260988-5.10%0.234-14.91%0.0116✓0.77563k2022-10-12
NAKANakamoto GamesPolygon0.06670.063294-5.11%0.0689+3.30%0.2490✗1.0579k2022-10-12
LPTLivepeerEthereum11.0210.4571-5.11%8.85-19.69%0.0437✓1.34288k2022-10-12
DIADIAEthereum0.399770.37927-5.13%0.3906-2.29%0.1880✗1.0131k2022-10-12
DODODODOEthereum0.13190.125101-5.15%0.1178-10.69%0.1243✗1.181.4M2022-10-12
IOTAIOTAIOTA0.29170.276546-5.20%0.2577-11.66%0.0883✗1.022.7M2022-10-12
SCSiacoinnative0.00420.003979-5.25%0.00336-20.00%0.0218✓0.94103k2022-10-12
MOVRMoonriverBase12.66511.9993-5.26%10.3905-17.96%0.0157✓1.0221k2022-10-12
NEARNEAR ProtocolNEAR5.0934.8226-5.31%3.153-38.09%0.2684✓1.001.4M2022-10-12
ICPInternet ComputerEthereum6.9266.5567-5.33%5.07-26.80%0.1008✓1.004.3M2022-10-12
GALAGALAEthereum0.05130.04856-5.34%0.0392-23.59%0.0319✓1.16178k2022-10-12
CBETHCoinbase Wrapped Staked ETHEthereum1,615.211,528.81-5.35%1,254.87-22.31%0.0409✓1.003.3M2022-10-12
UNIUniswapEthereum6.6596.3017-5.37%6.054-9.09%0.1798✗1.406.9M2022-10-12
FTTFTXEthereum28.4626.9187-5.42%23.36-17.92%0.0173✓1.026.8M2022-10-12
XCNOnyxcoinEthereum0.0740.069987-5.42%0.06929-6.36%0.0110✓0.13378k2022-10-12
XPRXPR NetworkEthereum0.0031060.002935-5.49%0.002075-33.19%0.2039✓0.911.2M2022-10-12
RUNETHORChainTHORChain1.9351.8286-5.50%1.505-22.22%0.0733✗1.7160k2022-10-12
OMGOMG NetworkEthereum1.9621.8538-5.52%1.5946-18.73%0.0252✓1.1223k2022-10-12
CRVCurve DAOEthereum1.1431.079-5.60%0.8202-28.24%0.0324✓1.544.4M2022-10-12
CHZChilizEthereum0.20140.190113-5.60%0.1899-5.71%0.1530✗0.983.2M2022-10-12
CWEBCoinwebEthereum0.0240350.022678-5.64%0.024833+3.32%0.1047✗0.09465k2022-10-12
JASMYJasmyCoinEthereum0.009050.008537-5.66%0.0055-39.23%0.2920✓0.943.3M2022-10-12
DOTPolkadotPolkadot7.6647.2299-5.66%6.173-19.45%0.0248✓1.1710.0M2022-10-12
BARFC Barcelona Fan TokenSolana6.386.0166-5.70%4.67-26.80%0.1712✓0.522.1M2022-10-12
SPELLSpellEthereum0.0013230.001247-5.73%0.0009175-30.67%0.1777✓0.832.2M2022-10-12
ENSEthereum Name ServiceEthereum15.1214.2434-5.80%17.14+13.36%0.3418✗1.001.8M2022-10-12
SNXSynthetixEthereum2.9432.7716-5.82%2.065-29.83%0.0515✓1.552.9M2022-10-12
OGOG Fan TokenSolana5.9485.6005-5.84%4.066-31.64%0.2196✓0.643.1M2022-10-12
PEOPLEConstitutionDAOEthereum0.02280.021451-5.92%0.02101-7.85%0.1461✗1.0710.3M2022-10-12
SUPERSuperVerseEthereum0.142110.133684-5.93%0.12114-14.76%0.0909✗1.21151k2022-10-12
CELRCeler NetworkEthereum0.0184890.017374-6.03%0.014341-22.43%0.0353✓1.009912022-10-12
XVGVergenative0.003570.003354-6.05%0.00312-12.61%0.0827✗0.99483k2022-10-12
MEDMediblocOsmosis0.0220180.020685-6.06%0.018543-15.78%0.0123✓0.6212k2022-10-12
XECeCashnative0.000045970.000043185-6.06%0.00003798-17.38%0.0094✓0.883.0M2022-10-12
ASTRAstarEthereum0.03990.03748-6.07%0.0353-11.53%0.0791✗0.899,1922022-10-12
CELLCellframeEthereum0.29760.279494-6.08%0.2122-28.70%0.1064✓1.0874k2022-10-12
XTZTezosTezos1.65651.5556-6.09%1.3516-18.41%0.0253✓1.06241k2022-10-12
BATBasic AttentionEthereum0.354360.331975-6.32%0.28328-20.06%0.0102✓1.0833k2022-10-12
UMAUMAEthereum2.7562.58-6.39%2.24-18.72%0.0112✓0.83523k2022-10-12
PONDMarlinEthereum0.0120040.011227-6.47%0.009569-20.28%0.0033✓1.006492022-10-12
RLCiExec RLCEthereum1.39761.3071-6.47%1.0849-22.37%0.0169✓1.08922k2022-10-12
PSGParis Saint-Germain Fan TokenSolana8.958.3704-6.48%6.78-24.25%0.1184✓0.592.4M2022-10-12
PROPropyEthereum0.730.682655-6.49%0.54-26.03%0.1968✓0.2444k2022-10-12
CTSICartesiEthereum0.15470.144637-6.50%0.1346-12.99%0.0865✗1.01336k2022-10-12
ALICEMy Neighbor AliceEthereum2.1712.0297-6.51%1.571-27.64%0.0568✓1.2732k2022-10-12
OGNOrigin TokenEthereum0.177310.165757-6.52%0.14279-19.47%0.0201✓1.08271k2022-10-12
BANDBandEthereum1.3521.2632-6.57%1.105-18.27%0.0661✓1.28323k2022-10-12
SUSHISushiEthereum1.26951.1861-6.57%1.1675-8.03%0.1629✗1.141.1M2022-10-12
PORPortugal National Team Fan TokenSolana4.8634.5431-6.58%3.8083-21.69%0.0573✓1.49122k2022-10-12
CTKShentuOsmosis1.010.943031-6.63%0.873-13.56%0.0132✓0.412.7M2022-10-12
RADRadworksEthereum2.462.2947-6.72%1.91-22.36%0.0882✓0.61261k2022-10-12
ENJEnjin CoinEthereum0.5420.505562-6.72%0.428-21.03%0.0244✓1.2277k2022-10-12
APEApeCoinEthereum5.4925.1226-6.73%4.714-14.17%0.1358✗1.406.4M2022-10-12
UOSUltraEthereum0.440280.410551-6.75%0.30131-31.56%0.1557✓0.98379k2022-10-12
HIGHHighstreetEthereum1.5341.4303-6.76%1.389-9.45%0.1469✗1.1371k2022-10-12
WOOWOOEthereum0.16420.153052-6.79%0.1486-9.50%0.1759✗1.319132022-10-12
ORCAOrcaSolana0.89480.833894-6.81%0.8317-7.05%0.2427✗1.5789k2022-10-12
LRCLoopringEthereum0.35140.327401-6.83%0.2656-24.42%0.0259✓1.1772k2022-10-12
SKLSKALEEthereum0.04920.045823-6.86%0.0357-27.44%0.0655✓1.18546k2022-10-12
XYOXYO NetworkEthereum0.008330.007749-6.97%0.00592-28.93%0.0852✓1.18428k2022-10-12
ZRX0x ProtocolEthereum0.320430.297716-7.09%0.252468-21.21%0.0106✓0.99471k2022-10-12
ATOMCosmos HubCosmos15.5314.4238-7.12%11.739-24.41%0.0054✓1.2819.6M2022-10-12
RIFRootstock Infrastructure FrameworkEthereum0.06540.06069-7.20%0.0544-16.82%0.0811✗1.22563k2022-10-12
YFIyearn.financeEthereum9,751.479,048.70-7.21%7,877.53-19.22%0.0833✗1.424.1M2022-10-12
GITCOINGITCOIN2.14881.9914-7.32%1.672-22.19%0.0017✓1.1313k2022-10-12
AUCTIONBounceEthereum7.426.8754-7.34%5.66-23.72%0.0229✓1.10224k2022-10-12
BICOBiconomyEthereum0.51290.474709-7.45%0.3722-27.43%0.1092✓0.86396k2022-10-12
POKTPocket NetworkEthereum0.11440.105794-7.52%0.067-41.43%0.3631✓0.60188k2022-10-12
BOBABoba NetworkEthereum0.33460.309088-7.62%0.28-16.32%0.0642✓1.0482k2022-10-12
ALEPHAleph CloudEthereum0.19160.176702-7.78%0.1135-40.76%0.4209✓0.1483k2022-10-12
BORABORAKlay Token0.29430.271017-7.91%0.21464-27.07%0.0918✓0.9015k2022-10-12
COMPCompoundEthereum54.7350.3851-7.94%55.48+1.37%0.2955✗1.278,6412022-10-12
IMXImmutableEthereum0.86380.795164-7.95%0.6656-22.95%0.0061✓1.17946k2022-10-12
STXStacksnative0.38790.357038-7.96%0.3107-19.90%0.0284✓1.07314k2022-10-12
GTCGitcoinEthereum2.192.0129-8.09%1.67-23.74%0.0128✓1.27227k2022-10-12
ALPINEAlpine F1 Team Fan TokenBinance Smart Chain4.56284.1817-8.35%3.0801-32.50%0.2097✓0.618.1M2022-10-12
DEXEDeXeEthereum3.2452.9728-8.39%2.859-11.90%0.0192✓0.37676k2022-10-12
NMRNumeraireEthereum18.2316.6949-8.42%14.98-17.83%0.0249✓0.53396k2022-10-12
PORTOFC PortoBinance Smart Chain7.00496.4099-8.49%4.2544-39.27%0.3942✓0.109.1M2022-10-12
ETCEthereum Classicnative38.4535.0582-8.82%23.79-38.13%0.1411✓1.5810.6M2022-10-12
GLMRMoonbeamBase0.5690.518215-8.93%0.457-19.68%0.0536✓1.1466k2022-10-12
GMTGMTEthereum0.74190.675425-8.96%0.628-15.35%0.1683✗1.54210k2022-10-12
GRTThe GraphEthereum0.12860.117061-8.97%0.0876-31.88%0.0938✓1.252.5M2022-10-12
EWTEnergy Web TokenEthereum4.5244.1097-9.16%3.802-15.96%0.0697✓0.94273k2022-10-12
AXSAxie InfinityEthereum14.2212.8433-9.68%11.54-18.85%0.0787✓1.19925k2022-10-12
MINAMina Protocolnative0.670.604756-9.74%0.556-17.01%0.0827✓1.07111k2022-10-12
LAZIOLazio Fan TokenBinance Smart Chain7.66046.9096-9.80%4.8842-36.24%0.3077✓0.2511.9M2022-10-12
AERGOAergo [OLD]Ethereum0.21640.194513-10.11%0.128-40.85%0.3013✓0.7526k2022-10-12
METISMetisEthereum29.9326.8258-10.37%24.34-18.68%0.1634✗1.66159k2022-10-12
SANTOSSantos FC Fan TokenBinance Smart Chain12.3411.0464-10.48%13.627+10.43%0.2687✗0.3816.0M2022-10-12
DYDXdYdXCosmos1.5631.3983-10.53%1.454-6.97%0.2309✗1.2343k2022-10-12
BRISEBitgertEthereum7.49e-76.69e-7-10.72%5.04e-7-32.65%0.1455✓0.872.3M2022-10-12
MASKMask NetworkEthereum1.411.2582-10.77%1.1-21.99%0.0317✓1.0668k2022-10-12
FLOWFlownative2.1021.8699-11.04%1.558-25.88%0.0395✓1.42967k2022-10-12
ROSEOasisBinance Smart Chain0.064740.057294-11.50%0.05596-13.56%0.1719✗1.251.2M2022-10-12
GLMGolemEthereum0.40930.359925-12.06%0.2554-37.60%0.2158✓0.8189k2022-10-12
LUNATerraTerra 20.00030.000262388-12.54%0.00028659-4.47%0.1304✓0.272.3M2022-10-12
FILFilecoinFilecoin6.5565.6442-13.91%5.147-21.49%0.0595✓0.976.2M2022-10-12
Δ columns are percentage price moves; alpha err and the hit column are in beta-adjusted log-return space, which is what the model actually predicts. “pending” means the horizon has not matured yet. Rows are capped for readability — add &limit=2000 to widen.