8=======>

2022-09-12 · +1d

lstm_s1 · in-sample — the model trained on this date · 191 tokens predicted

These numbers are in-sample. The model was trained on this date, so predicted-vs-actual agreement here is not evidence of skill.
+1d+7d+30dasset cohort only
rank IC
+0.0387
191 of 191 tokens assessed
long-short decile
+2.07%
realised beta-adjusted alpha
direction hit
18.8%
in alpha space · 94.8% on raw price
BTC over horizon
-9.94%
the unhedgeable market factor

Predicted vs actual (191 rows, sorted by pred)

tokennamechainanchor pxpred px ▾pred Δactual pxactual Δalpha errhitβ90dvol 30dtarget
DOGEDogecoinDogecoin0.0639580.063975+0.03%0.059635-6.76%0.0356✓1.011.2M2022-09-13
TRXTRONTron0.0638830.063878-0.01%0.060682-5.01%0.0025✓0.47123k2022-09-13
CVCCivicEthereum0.15180.151611-0.12%0.1392-8.30%0.0192✗1.00119k2022-09-13
ATMAtletico Madrid Fan TokenSolana4.554.5409-0.20%4.5-1.10%0.0547✗0.611.4M2022-09-13
CELLCellframeEthereum0.29760.296964-0.21%0.298+0.13%0.1166✗1.0874k2022-09-13
ASRAS Roma Fan TokenSolana4.2854.2742-0.25%4.142-3.34%0.0070✗0.372.2M2022-09-13
TWTTrust WalletBinance Smart Chain1.00451.002-0.25%1.0223+1.77%0.0798✗0.572.6M2022-09-13
QNTQuantEthereum106.65106.3783-0.25%97.87-8.23%0.0145✗0.933.5M2022-09-13
SWFTCSWFTCOINEthereum0.0016260.001622-0.26%0.001519-6.58%0.0169✗0.79374k2022-09-13
GTGateEthereum4.38394.3726-0.26%4.1432-5.49%0.0236✗0.74688k2022-09-13
XMRMoneroMonero163.77163.34-0.26%145.44-11.19%0.0148✓0.971.4M2022-09-13
TRBTellor TributesEthereum16.5816.5354-0.27%15.2-8.32%0.0024✓0.781.5M2022-09-13
SCSiacoinnative0.00420.004189-0.27%0.00381-9.29%0.0039✗0.94103k2022-09-13
ELAElastosEthereum1.6221.6176-0.27%1.553-4.25%0.0362✗0.7329k2022-09-13
LEOLEO TokenEthereum5.04525.0314-0.27%4.9699-1.49%0.0056✓0.06119k2022-09-13
BTTCBTTC9.00e-78.97e-7-0.28%8.60e-7-4.44%0.0347✗0.741.7M2022-09-13
DASHDashDash47.1747.0344-0.29%43.77-7.21%0.0401✗1.07312k2022-09-13
BARFC Barcelona Fan TokenSolana6.386.3611-0.30%6.12-4.08%0.0163✗0.522.1M2022-09-13
DEXEDeXeEthereum3.2453.2349-0.31%3.055-5.86%0.0182✓0.37676k2022-09-13
WOOWOOEthereum0.16420.163689-0.31%0.1561-4.93%0.0899✗1.319132022-09-13
MANADecentralandEthereum0.794220.791745-0.31%0.73147-7.90%0.0391✗1.13624k2022-09-13
INDEXThe IndexRobinhood1.841.8342-0.31%1.81-1.63%0.0359✗0.4758k2022-09-13
GODSGods UnchainedEthereum0.316230.315223-0.32%0.30966-2.08%0.0547✗0.69326k2022-09-13
SHIBShiba InuEthereum0.000012880.000012838-0.33%0.00001209-6.13%0.0460✗1.011.0M2022-09-13
JUVJuventus Fan TokenSolana5.335.3114-0.35%5.72+7.32%0.1416✗0.642.0M2022-09-13
CHRChromiaEthereum0.18390.183257-0.35%0.165-10.28%0.0155✗1.151,7442022-09-13
ARPAARPAEthereum0.03970.03956-0.35%0.0361-9.07%0.0151✗1.0289k2022-09-13
STXStacksnative0.38790.38653-0.35%0.3497-9.85%0.0119✗1.07314k2022-09-13
SUPERSuperVerseEthereum0.142110.141607-0.35%0.13476-5.17%0.0772✗1.21151k2022-09-13
BICOBiconomyEthereum0.51290.511033-0.36%0.4865-5.15%0.0405✗0.86396k2022-09-13
NANOnanopayBase0.9142160.910838-0.37%0.846269-7.43%0.0165✗0.8649k2022-09-13
LSKLiskEthereum1.0911.087-0.37%1.0027-8.09%0.0000✓0.7736k2022-09-13
BORABORAKlay Token0.29430.29321-0.37%0.26692-9.30%0.0007✓0.9015k2022-09-13
OGOG Fan TokenSolana5.9485.9258-0.37%6.134+3.13%0.1018✗0.643.1M2022-09-13
MEDMediblocOsmosis0.0220180.021935-0.38%0.020191-8.30%0.0179✓0.6212k2022-09-13
BTCBitcoinBitcoin22,402.7122,317.08-0.38%20,174.78-9.94%0.0038✗1.00480.9M2022-09-13
BELBella ProtocolEthereum0.6720.669421-0.38%0.622-7.44%0.0457✗1.143.3M2022-09-13
CITYManchester City Fan TokenSolana6.716.6842-0.38%6.47-3.58%0.0191✗0.492.1M2022-09-13
STORJStorjEthereum0.5630.560828-0.39%0.50798-9.77%0.0411✗1.3439k2022-09-13
GITCOINGITCOIN2.14882.1405-0.39%2.0329-5.39%0.0665✗1.1313k2022-09-13
BATBasic AttentionEthereum0.354360.352979-0.39%0.32139-9.30%0.0192✗1.0833k2022-09-13
TRACOriginTrailEthereum0.20630.205491-0.39%0.199-3.54%0.0819✗1.09135k2022-09-13
IOTAIOTAIOTA0.29170.290547-0.40%0.2679-8.16%0.0252✗1.022.7M2022-09-13
DIADIAEthereum0.399770.398189-0.40%0.38116-4.66%0.0624✗1.0131k2022-09-13
KCSKuCoinnative9.7159.6766-0.40%9.254-4.75%0.0457✗0.861.2M2022-09-13
TLMAlien WorldsEthereum0.024880.024781-0.40%0.02317-6.87%0.0461✗1.082,9582022-09-13
FTTFTXEthereum28.4628.3452-0.40%25.89-9.03%0.0158✗1.026.8M2022-09-13
ALICEMy Neighbor AliceEthereum2.1712.1622-0.41%2.022-6.86%0.0664✗1.2732k2022-09-13
PEOPLEConstitutionDAOEthereum0.02280.022707-0.41%0.02043-10.39%0.0060✗1.0710.3M2022-09-13
AVTAventusEthereum1.431.4241-0.41%1.41-1.40%0.0243✓-0.14124k2022-09-13
CTKShentuOsmosis1.011.0058-0.42%0.921-8.81%0.0453✓0.412.7M2022-09-13
YGGYield Guild GamesEthereum0.4830.480991-0.42%0.449-7.04%0.0580✗1.214,2692022-09-13
CRVCurve DAOEthereum1.1431.1382-0.42%1.0525-7.92%0.0835✗1.544.4M2022-09-13
FETArtificial Superintelligence AllianceEthereum0.09150.091118-0.42%0.0848-7.32%0.0312✗0.9814k2022-09-13
AGLDAdventure GoldEthereum0.4080.406283-0.42%0.4008-1.76%0.1004✗1.09202k2022-09-13
FORTFortaEthereum0.22570.224749-0.42%0.2103-6.82%0.0131✗0.7667k2022-09-13
C98Coin98Ethereum0.44360.44172-0.42%0.4014-9.51%0.0276✗1.1875k2022-09-13
ASMAssemble AIEthereum0.021020.020931-0.42%0.02007-4.52%0.0214✗0.61191k2022-09-13
BTTBitTorrentEthereum9.10e-79.06e-7-0.43%8.70e-7-4.40%0.0372✗0.7415k2022-09-13
SUSHISushiEthereum1.26951.2641-0.43%1.1703-7.81%0.0425✗1.141.1M2022-09-13
ZENHorizenBase16.4816.4091-0.43%14.84-9.95%0.0307✗1.2579k2022-09-13
ETHEthereumEthereum1,716.711,709.30-0.43%1,574.71-8.27%0.0601✗1.36569.9M2022-09-13
ACMAC Milan Fan TokenSolana4.2384.2196-0.43%4.082-3.68%0.0215✗0.522.3M2022-09-13
ACHAlchemy PayEthereum0.0131540.013097-0.44%0.012152-7.62%0.0127✗0.84882k2022-09-13
BNTBancor NetworkEthereum0.49480.492639-0.44%0.4625-6.53%0.0580✗1.16384k2022-09-13
PHAPHALAEthereum0.10130.100853-0.44%0.0968-4.44%0.0387✗0.762,7302022-09-13
BCHSVBitcoin Cash SV54.60954.3682-0.44%51.566-5.57%0.0398✗0.88264k2022-09-13
AAVEAaveEthereum90.9990.5864-0.44%82.97-8.81%0.0724✗1.536.0M2022-09-13
ENJEnjin CoinEthereum0.5420.539591-0.44%0.493-9.04%0.0375✗1.2277k2022-09-13
DKAdKargoEthereum0.047470.047259-0.44%0.04273-9.99%0.0327✓0.6514k2022-09-13
STEEMSteemnative0.23550.23444-0.45%0.2161-8.24%0.0099✗0.87527k2022-09-13
DUSKDUSKEthereum0.13470.134089-0.45%0.1243-7.72%0.0377✗1.082.7M2022-09-13
ETCEthereum Classicnative38.4538.2754-0.45%35.29-8.22%0.0838✗1.5810.6M2022-09-13
RARESuperRareEthereum0.20530.204357-0.46%0.1898-7.55%0.0436✗1.12108k2022-09-13
BOBABoba NetworkEthereum0.33460.333062-0.46%0.3105-7.20%0.0389✗1.0482k2022-09-13
CBKCobakEthereum0.854280.850335-0.46%0.82473-3.46%0.0520✗0.7913k2022-09-13
METISMetisEthereum29.9329.7916-0.46%27.9-6.78%0.1088✗1.66159k2022-09-13
XEMNEMnative0.0467110.046493-0.47%0.042163-9.74%0.0043✓0.8928k2022-09-13
ADACardanoCardano0.50140.499056-0.47%0.4637-7.52%0.0318✗1.0138.3M2022-09-13
DOTPolkadotPolkadot7.6647.6281-0.47%7.07-7.75%0.0464✗1.1710.0M2022-09-13
TKOTokocryptoBinance Smart Chain0.2750.273702-0.47%0.263-4.36%0.0409✗0.77563k2022-09-13
ENSEthereum Name ServiceEthereum15.1215.0483-0.47%14.53-3.90%0.0698✗1.001.8M2022-09-13
BCHBitcoin CashBitcoin Cash128.87128.2573-0.48%117.6-8.75%0.0365✗1.184.4M2022-09-13
LTCLitecoinLitecoin61.4161.1176-0.48%59.1-3.76%0.0757✗1.0414.0M2022-09-13
AXSAxie InfinityEthereum14.2214.1519-0.48%13.18-7.31%0.0531✗1.19925k2022-09-13
SKLSKALEEthereum0.04920.048963-0.48%0.0441-10.37%0.0186✗1.18546k2022-09-13
OXTOrchid ProtocolEthereum0.11410.113549-0.48%0.1076-5.70%0.0383✗0.88188k2022-09-13
CTSICartesiEthereum0.15470.153944-0.49%0.1444-6.66%0.0420✗1.01336k2022-09-13
XYMSymbolnative0.0426730.042464-0.49%0.03987-6.57%0.0071✓0.5323k2022-09-13
CWEBCoinwebEthereum0.0240350.023917-0.49%0.024692+2.73%0.0412✗0.09465k2022-09-13
GMTGMTEthereum0.74190.738238-0.49%0.6606-10.96%0.0502✗1.54210k2022-09-13
XCNOnyxcoinEthereum0.0740.073634-0.50%0.06913-6.58%0.0490✓0.13378k2022-09-13
LINKChainlinkEthereum7.7587.7195-0.50%7.025-9.45%0.0245✗1.1318.0M2022-09-13
ICPInternet ComputerEthereum6.9266.8916-0.50%6.4-7.59%0.0306✗1.004.3M2022-09-13
ORBSOrbsEthereum0.040.039798-0.50%0.03648-8.80%0.0140✓0.702,2982022-09-13
VSYSV.SYSTEMSnative0.0016510.001643-0.51%0.001531-7.27%0.0007✓0.685,8832022-09-13
1INCH1INCHEthereum0.6480.644695-0.51%0.595-8.18%0.0269✗1.02178k2022-09-13
XVSVenusEthereum4.984.9543-0.52%4.66-6.43%0.0294✗0.87839k2022-09-13
WBTCWrapped BitcoinEthereum22,320.8022,205.29-0.52%20,237.10-9.34%0.0034✓0.9213k2022-09-13
NEXONEXOEthereum0.970.96498-0.52%0.913-5.88%0.0691✗1.191.5M2022-09-13
NCTPolySwarmEthereum0.012940.012873-0.52%0.01252-3.25%0.0408✗0.65233k2022-09-13
NAKANakamoto GamesPolygon0.06670.066354-0.52%0.0594-10.94%0.0009✓1.0579k2022-09-13
SANDThe SandboxEthereum0.95910.954098-0.52%0.8796-8.29%0.0513✗1.27899k2022-09-13
BFCBifrostEthereum0.071990.071613-0.52%0.0679-5.68%0.0516✗1.0025k2022-09-13
XLMStellarStellar0.1138590.113263-0.52%0.104654-8.08%0.0140✗0.896.5M2022-09-13
RIFRootstock Infrastructure FrameworkEthereum0.06540.065055-0.53%0.059-9.79%0.0297✗1.22563k2022-09-13
SOLSolanaSolana37.4637.262-0.53%33.01-11.88%0.0070✗1.2254.5M2022-09-13
LCXLCXEthereum0.05160.051327-0.53%0.0496-3.88%0.0663✗0.96234k2022-09-13
OMGOMG NetworkEthereum1.9621.9516-0.53%1.7866-8.94%0.0293✗1.1223k2022-09-13
SNXSynthetixEthereum2.9432.9273-0.53%2.719-7.61%0.0886✗1.552.9M2022-09-13
COMPCompoundEthereum54.7354.4372-0.53%55.83+2.01%0.1585✗1.278,6412022-09-13
KNCKyber Network CrystalEthereum1.91231.9021-0.54%1.9586+2.42%0.1179✗0.851.4M2022-09-13
DODODODOEthereum0.13190.131192-0.54%0.1253-5.00%0.0774✗1.181.4M2022-09-13
FLOWFlownative2.1022.0907-0.54%1.864-11.32%0.0338✗1.42967k2022-09-13
ZECZcashZcash62.9262.5794-0.54%58.92-6.36%0.0618✗1.171.1M2022-09-13
FILFilecoinFilecoin6.5566.5202-0.55%5.871-10.45%0.0034✓0.976.2M2022-09-13
UNIUniswapEthereum6.6596.6225-0.55%6.034-9.39%0.0541✗1.406.9M2022-09-13
AUCTIONBounceEthereum7.427.3792-0.55%6.97-6.06%0.0578✗1.10224k2022-09-13
OPTIMOptimism1.2671.26-0.55%1.182-6.71%0.1136✗1.692.7M2022-09-13
POKTPocket NetworkEthereum0.11440.113763-0.56%0.1104-3.50%0.0327✗0.60188k2022-09-13
XECeCashnative0.000045970.000045714-0.56%0.00004395-4.39%0.0529✗0.883.0M2022-09-13
GALAGALAEthereum0.05130.051012-0.56%0.0479-6.63%0.0589✗1.16178k2022-09-13
POWRPowerledgerEthereum0.23460.233282-0.56%0.2085-11.13%0.0183✓0.9057k2022-09-13
MINAMina Protocolnative0.670.666207-0.57%0.61-8.96%0.0234✗1.07111k2022-09-13
COTICOTIEthereum0.10270.102114-0.57%0.0924-10.03%0.0063✗1.01336k2022-09-13
SUNSun TokenTron0.0063560.00632-0.57%0.005899-7.19%0.0019✓0.641,9622022-09-13
KSMKusamaHydration52.2151.9092-0.58%46.38-11.17%0.0049✓1.03363k2022-09-13
BANDBandEthereum1.3521.3442-0.58%1.244-7.99%0.0562✗1.28323k2022-09-13
XPRXPR NetworkEthereum0.0031060.003088-0.58%0.002827-8.98%0.0073✗0.911.2M2022-09-13
API3Api3Ethereum1.8031.7924-0.59%1.68-6.82%0.0417✗1.02627k2022-09-13
ASTRAstarEthereum0.03990.03966-0.60%0.0403+1.00%0.1090✗0.899,1922022-09-13
ANKRAnkr NetworkEthereum0.03730.037074-0.60%0.03367-9.73%0.0147✗1.0635k2022-09-13
AIOZAIOZ NetworkEthereum0.060.059636-0.61%0.0572-4.67%0.0471✗0.8590k2022-09-13
MOVRMoonriverBase12.66512.587-0.62%11.9339-5.77%0.0535✗1.0221k2022-09-13
XYOXYO NetworkEthereum0.008330.008279-0.62%0.00796-4.44%0.0839✗1.18428k2022-09-13
PSGParis Saint-Germain Fan TokenSolana8.958.8937-0.63%8.75-2.23%0.0455✗0.592.4M2022-09-13
ROSEOasisBinance Smart Chain0.064740.064333-0.63%0.05951-8.08%0.0528✗1.251.2M2022-09-13
PROPropyEthereum0.730.725382-0.63%0.71-2.74%0.0037✓0.2444k2022-09-13
XVGVergenative0.003570.003547-0.64%0.00337-5.60%0.0524✗0.99483k2022-09-13
FIDABonfidaSolana0.4810.477928-0.64%0.434-9.77%0.0128✗1.047,9852022-09-13
CBETHCoinbase Wrapped Staked ETHEthereum1,615.211,604.84-0.64%1,471.37-8.91%0.0179✗1.003.3M2022-09-13
SPELLSpellEthereum0.0013230.001315-0.64%0.001236-6.57%0.0251✗0.832.2M2022-09-13
IDEXIDEXEthereum0.069150.068704-0.64%0.06468-6.46%0.0373✗0.938202022-09-13
IMXImmutableEthereum0.86380.858197-0.65%0.8066-6.62%0.0610✗1.17946k2022-09-13
RUNETHORChainTHORChain1.9351.9224-0.65%1.785-7.75%0.1052✗1.7160k2022-09-13
DNTdistrict0xEthereum0.04930.048978-0.65%0.0452-8.32%0.0088✗0.85145k2022-09-13
LPTLivepeerEthereum11.0210.9472-0.66%9.73-11.71%0.0230✗1.34288k2022-09-13
RADRadworksEthereum2.462.4437-0.66%2.32-5.69%0.0118✗0.61261k2022-09-13
CERECere NetworkEthereum0.0062340.006192-0.67%0.006216-0.29%0.0427✗0.3730k2022-09-13
HIGHHighstreetEthereum1.5341.5236-0.68%1.455-5.15%0.0718✗1.1371k2022-09-13
JASMYJasmyCoinEthereum0.009050.008988-0.68%0.00851-5.97%0.0441✗0.943.3M2022-09-13
AVAXAvalancheAvalanche21.3721.2237-0.68%18.87-11.70%0.0266✗1.3818.0M2022-09-13
UMAUMAEthereum2.7562.7371-0.69%2.618-5.01%0.0426✗0.83523k2022-09-13
GLMRMoonbeamBase0.5690.565073-0.69%0.52-8.61%0.0368✗1.1466k2022-09-13
PORTOFC PortoBinance Smart Chain7.00496.9565-0.69%6.58-6.07%0.0451✓0.109.1M2022-09-13
QTUMQtumQtum3.29333.2704-0.70%3.0233-8.20%0.0302✗1.0419k2022-09-13
PORPortugal National Team Fan TokenSolana4.8634.8291-0.70%4.6029-5.35%0.1084✗1.49122k2022-09-13
ZRX0x ProtocolEthereum0.320430.318182-0.70%0.289387-9.69%0.0084✗0.99471k2022-09-13
APEApeCoinEthereum5.4925.4534-0.70%5.136-6.48%0.0865✗1.406.4M2022-09-13
AMPAmpEthereum0.006210.006166-0.71%0.00563-9.34%0.0245✓0.63911k2022-09-13
BRISEBitgertEthereum7.49e-77.43e-7-0.71%6.96e-7-7.05%0.0253✗0.872.3M2022-09-13
GTCGitcoinEthereum2.192.1742-0.72%2.03-7.31%0.0649✗1.27227k2022-09-13
XTZTezosTezos1.65651.6445-0.73%1.5348-7.35%0.0420✗1.06241k2022-09-13
ATOMCosmos HubCosmos15.5315.4162-0.73%13.897-10.52%0.0304✗1.2819.6M2022-09-13
UOSUltraEthereum0.440280.437043-0.74%0.42001-4.60%0.0631✗0.98379k2022-09-13
CHZChilizEthereum0.20140.199895-0.75%0.1934-3.97%0.0701✗0.983.2M2022-09-13
ORCAOrcaSolana0.89480.888098-0.75%0.8463-5.42%0.1159✗1.5789k2022-09-13
NEARNEAR ProtocolNEAR5.0935.0546-0.75%4.418-13.25%0.0299✓1.001.4M2022-09-13
HIVEHivenative0.58020.575628-0.79%0.5504-5.14%0.0198✗0.62836k2022-09-13
YFIyearn.financeEthereum9,751.479,672.75-0.81%9,017.07-7.53%0.0783✗1.424.1M2022-09-13
ALPINEAlpine F1 Team Fan TokenBinance Smart Chain4.56284.5258-0.81%4.1321-9.44%0.0267✓0.618.1M2022-09-13
OGNOrigin TokenEthereum0.177310.175839-0.83%0.16284-8.16%0.0364✗1.08271k2022-09-13
EWTEnergy Web TokenEthereum4.5244.4861-0.84%4.212-6.90%0.0356✗0.94273k2022-09-13
ALGOAlgorandAlgorand0.32370.320967-0.84%0.2966-8.37%0.0240✗0.986.0M2022-09-13
LRCLoopringEthereum0.35140.3484-0.85%0.3308-5.86%0.0708✗1.1772k2022-09-13
GRTThe GraphEthereum0.12860.127498-0.86%0.1082-15.86%0.0329✓1.252.5M2022-09-13
CELRCeler NetworkEthereum0.0184890.018327-0.88%0.017211-6.91%0.0419✗1.009912022-09-13
DYDXdYdXCosmos1.5631.5492-0.89%1.41-9.79%0.0342✗1.2343k2022-09-13
ADXheyAuraEthereum0.172560.171011-0.90%0.16738-3.00%0.0583✗0.765152022-09-13
MTLMetal DAOMetal L21.2791.2675-0.90%1.152-9.93%0.0022✓0.931.1M2022-09-13
NMRNumeraireEthereum18.2318.0641-0.91%16.8-7.84%0.0167✓0.53396k2022-09-13
FISStafiEthereum0.36270.359383-0.91%0.35-3.50%0.0841✗1.061,1592022-09-13
LAZIOLazio Fan TokenBinance Smart Chain7.66047.5893-0.93%7.2349-5.55%0.0216✓0.2511.9M2022-09-13
MASKMask NetworkEthereum1.411.3968-0.94%1.3-7.80%0.0393✗1.0668k2022-09-13
SANTOSSantos FC Fan TokenBinance Smart Chain12.3412.2206-0.97%12.092-2.01%0.0287✗0.3816.0M2022-09-13
RLCiExec RLCEthereum1.39761.3836-1.00%1.2429-11.07%0.0061✓1.08922k2022-09-13
LUNATerraTerra 20.00030.000296972-1.01%0.00035806+19.35%0.2153✗0.272.3M2022-09-13
PONDMarlinEthereum0.0120040.011874-1.08%0.010998-8.38%0.0281✗1.006492022-09-13
ALEPHAleph CloudEthereum0.19160.189398-1.15%0.1365-28.76%0.3129✓0.1483k2022-09-13
GLMGolemEthereum0.40930.40287-1.57%0.3444-15.86%0.0716✓0.8189k2022-09-13
AERGOAergo [OLD]Ethereum0.21640.212563-1.77%0.1963-9.29%0.0012✓0.7526k2022-09-13
Δ columns are percentage price moves; alpha err and the hit column are in beta-adjusted log-return space, which is what the model actually predicts. “pending” means the horizon has not matured yet. Rows are capped for readability — add &limit=2000 to widen.